A reference to stockholders’ equity. See paid-in capital. Also an adjective that references property, plant and equipment used in a business; for example, capital expenditures and capital budgeting.
A reference to stockholders’ equity. See paid-in capital. Also an adjective that references property, plant and equipment used in a business; for example, capital expenditures and capital budgeting.
In the EOQ model, order costs are the incremental costs of processing an order of goods from a supplier. Examples of order costs include the costs of preparing a requisition, a purchase order, and a receiving ticket,...
The elimination of part or all of a markdown.
Journal entries usually dated the last day of the accounting period to bring the balance sheet and income statement up to date on the accrual basis of accounting. Adjusting entries are made to report (1) revenues that...
A certified public accountant (CPA) who practices accounting in his or her own firm without another CPA as a partner or shareholder.
Delivery expense to be paid by the seller when its merchandise is sold with terms of FOB destination. This is an operating expense and is not included in the cost of merchandise.
A check bearing a date in the future. The company receiving such a check should not report the check as cash until the date of the check.
A series of equal amounts occurring at the beginning of each equal time interval. Also known as an annuity in advance. An example would be the monthly rent on an apartment.
A payment. The expenditure might be for a significant long term asset (capital expenditure), a short term asset (prepaid insurance), a reduction in a liability, or for an immediate expense such as rent.
The time between when a check is written and when the check clears the bank account on which it is drawn.
The date on which the board of directors of a corporation declares a dividend on the corporation’s stock. On this date an accounting entry is made to debit Retained Earnings and to credit Dividends Payable.
This current liability account reports the amount of interest the company owes as of the date of the balance sheet. (Future interest is not recorded as a liability.)
One of the main financial statements of a nonprofit organization. This financial statement reports the revenues and expenses and the changes in the amounts of each of the classes of net assets during the period shown in...
See Financial Accounting Standards Board.
See net present value.
A cost that can be traced to a cost object. For example, the flour used in baking bread is a direct cost of a bakery’s bread. The wages and salaries of the employees working exclusively in a manufacturer’s...
Also referred to as shareholders’ equity. At a corporation it is the residual or difference of assets minus liabilities. To learn more about stockholders’ equity, see our Stockholders’ Equity Outline.
The person paying rent for using but not owning the asset.
This is granted by banks only to very creditworthy customers. It states that the bank will guarantee amounts that its customer incurred when purchasing goods. A letter of credit might be necessary for a U.S. company...
A corporation’s cost of capital is its weighted average after-tax cost of its debt, preferred stock, common stock, retained earnings, and other components of stockholders’ equity. The cost of capital is...
Free Alongside Ship. Terms indicating that the seller’s price includes delivery of goods at a ship’s pier. Title to the goods will transfer to the buyer alongside the ship.
A qualitative characteristic in accounting. Relevance is associated with information that is timely, useful, has predictive value, and is going to make a difference to a decision maker.
See rolling budget.
An allocation based on some proportions. For example, a corporation’s taxable income that was earned in many of the U.S. states might be allocated or apportioned to the states in which the corporation has conducted...
Classifying expenses according to the type of work such as selling, administration, general, and financing.
See job order costing.
The cost associated with setting up a piece of production equipment. This would include the cost of the setup mechanic, the cost of scheduling, record keeping, moving the starting material, and testing the first few...
The amounts withheld for employees’ checks for Social Security tax, Medicare tax, federal income tax, state income tax, and voluntary deductions such as United Way, union dues, 401(k) contributions,...
The supplier of goods or services.
Comprehensive income consists of the following two components (which are reported on the statement of comprehensive income): Net income (or loss) from the income statement, and Other comprehensive income (some...
The quantity on hand that will trigger an order to buy more items. A company’s reorder point for Product X might be 80 units. When the quantity on hand gets down to 80, a purchase order is prepared to obtain more...
A department that is directly involved in manufacturing products. Examples are the machining, finishing, and assembling departments.
See accrued payroll.
In accounting and bookkeeping this term is used to describe paying a vendor more than once for the amount owed.
See cleared.
Usually financial statements refer to the balance sheet, income statement, statement of cash flows, statement of retained earnings, and statement of stockholders’ equity. The balance sheet reports information as of...
See activity-based costing.
A factory or manufacturing overhead rate used to allocate, apply, assign, or spread indirect product costs to items manufactured. Under traditional cost accounting, the burden rate might be a percentage of direct labor...
An actual count of the goods owned by the business.
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